Dec 11, 2013
TechnologyInstall some packages:
$ apt-get install usbutils alsa-base
Use lsusb to view the installed usb equipments:
Bus 001 Device 006: ID 0e5c:6441 Bitland Information Technology Co., Ltd C-Media Sound Device
Install modules to the filesystem, since our newly-installed filesytem doesn’t contains the necessary modules:
$ pwd
/media/x/bbBlack/38/linux-dev/deploy
Copy the firmware tar package and modules tar package to the nfs root directory
$ tar xzvf 3.8.13-bone30-modules.tar.gz -C ./
$ tar xzvf ./3.8.13-bone30-firmware.tar.gz -C ./lib/firmware/
Reboot and Use aplay to view the installed sound card:
root@arm:/# aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Black [TI BeagleBone Black], device 0: HDMI nxp-hdmi-hifi-0 []
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: U0xe5c0x6441 [USB Device 0xe5c:0x6441], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
Edit a new asound.conf, which will enable the system to use the usb audio as the default sound card:
root@arm:/# cat /etc/asound.conf
pcm.!default {
type hw
card 1
#device 0
}
ctl.!default {
type hw
card 1
#device 0
}
Now you can use the mplayer to enjoy the sound from the console.
If you want to grant the right to the ordinary user, Just use acl:
setfacl -m u:debian:rw /dev/snd/*
Now the user “debian” could also listen the music from the console.
Dec 11, 2013
Technology###Serial Preparation
The serial port image is as following:
###Failure information
The bootup failure information is listed as following:
Running uenvcmd ...
reading zImage
3345240 bytes read in 383 ms (8.3 MiB/s)
reading /dtbs/am335x-boneblack.dtb
24884 bytes read in 10 ms (2.4 MiB/s)
Starting kernel ...
Uncompressing Linux... done, booting the kernel.
Error: unrecognized/unsupported machine ID (r1 = 0x00000e05).
Available machine support:
ID (hex) NAME
ffffffff Generic OMAP4 (Flattened Device Tree)
ffffffff Generic AM33XX (Flattened Device Tree)
ffffffff Generic OMAP3-GP (Flattened Device Tree)
ffffffff Generic OMAP3 (Flattened Device Tree)
0000060a OMAP3 Beagle Board
00000a9d IGEP OMAP3 module
00000928 IGEP v2 board
00000ae7 OMAP4 Panda board
Please check your kernel config and/or bootloader.
This is because the configuration file of the uEnv.txt is not right, the right one should be listed as following:
kernel_file=zImage
initrd_file=uInitrd
serverip=10.0.0.11
ipaddr=10.0.0.122
rootpath=/media/debianroot
console=ttyO0,115200n8
loadzimage=load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${loadaddr} ${kernel_file}
loadinitrd=load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} 0x81000000 ${initrd_file}; setenv initrd_size ${filesize}
loadfdt=load mmc ${mmcdev}:${mmcpart} ${fdtaddr} /dtbs/${fdtfile}
netargs=setenv bootargs console=${console} ${optargs} root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=${serverip}:${rootpath},vers=3 rw ip=${ipaddr}
#mmcargs=setenv bootargs console=${console} root=${mmcroot} rootfstype=${mmcrootfstype} ${optargs}
#mmc uenvcmd
#uenvcmd=run loadzimage; run loadfdt; run mmcargs; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdtaddr}
#just zImage
boot_ftd=run loadzimage; run loadfdt
uenvcmd=run boot_ftd; run netargs; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdtaddr}
And remember to modify some files:
root@arm:~# cat /etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.0.0.122
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.0.0.1
Add following lines in /etc/inittab:
T0:23:respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyO0 115200 vt102
Next time when you boot up the beaglebone, it will use the NFS files.
Tips: when your ownership of su is not right, you will meet"set uid failed” The solution is by Changing the ownership of the su used file;
chmod 4755 /bin/su
###NFS Server items
/etc/exports file items:
/media/debianroot 10.0.0.1/24(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash) 10.0.0.11(rw,sync,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash)
Restart the nfs server:
/etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server
#or
service nfs-kernel-server restart
tar files into your directory:
tar xvfp /media/nfs/beaglebone/debian-7.1-bare-armhf-2013-08-25/armhf-rootfs-debian-wheezy.tar -C /media/debianroot/
Dec 10, 2013
Technology###Building Preparation
Create a new directory for stroing all of the items related to beaglebone.
cd /media/nfs/
mkdir beaglebone
cd beaglebone/
Download the cross-compiler from linaro toolchain binary website. And add it to the environment variables.
wget -c https://launchpad.net/linaro-toolchain-binaries/trunk/2013.10/+download/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2013.10_linux.tar.xz
tar xJf gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2013.10_linux.tar.xz
export CC=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.8-2013.10_linux/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
# Test the cross-compiler
${CC}gcc --version
Checkout the U-boot:
git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git
cd u-boot/
git checkout v2013.10 -b tmp
Patching U-boot:
wget https://raw.github.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches/master/v2013.10/0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
patch -p1 < 0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
Configure and compile the U-boot:
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_evm_config
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}
Checkout the kernel:
git clone git://github.com/RobertCNelson/linux-dev.git
cd linux-dev
git checkout origin/am33x-v3.12 -b tmp
Now we got our kernel and U-boot available. The next step is to build a filesystem:
wget -c https://rcn-ee.net/deb/minfs/raring/ubuntu-13.04-minimal-armhf-2013-08-25.tar.xz
Prepare the mmc card.
export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1M count=16
16+0 records in
16+0 records out
16777216 bytes (17 MB) copied, 4.84877 s, 3.5 MB/s
Use sfdisk for creating the partition layout.
sudo sfdisk --in-order --Linux --unit M ${DISK} <<-__EOF__
1,48,0xE,*
,,,-
__EOF__
Format Partitions:
sudo mkfs.vfat -F 16 ${DISK}p1 -n boot
sudo mkfs.ext4 ${DISK}p2 -L rootfs
Install Bootloader to the 1st partition of mmc card.
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo mkdir -p /media/boot/
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo mount ${DISK}p1 /media/boot/
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo mount ${DISK}p2 /media/rootfs/
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo cp -v ./u-boot/MLO /media/boot/
‘./u-boot/MLO’ -> ‘/media/boot/MLO’
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo cp -v ./u-boot/u-boot.img /media/boot/
‘./u-boot/u-boot.img’ -> ‘/media/boot/u-boot.img’
[Trusty@XXXyyy linux-dev]$ vim uEnv.txt
[Trusty@XXXyyy linux-dev]$ sudo cp -v ./uEnv.txt /media/boot/
‘./uEnv.txt’ -> ‘/media/boot/uEnv.txt’
Copy Kernel:
[Trusty@XXXyyy beaglebone]$ sudo cp -v ./linux-dev/deploy/3.12.4-bone9.zImage /media/boot/zImage
‘./linux-dev/deploy/3.12.4-bone9.zImage’ -> ‘/media/boot/zImage’
Copy Root File System:
sudo tar xfvp ./ubuntu-13.04-minimal-armhf-2013-08-25/armhf-rootfs-ubuntu-raring.tar -C /media/rootfs/
Installation of kernel and configuration of the filesystem.
sudo cp -v ./linux-dev/deploy/3.12.4-bone9.zImage /media/boot/zImage
sudo mkdir -p /media/boot/dtbs/
sudo tar xfov ./linux-dev/deploy/3.12.4-bone9-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/boot/dtbs/
sudo tar xfv ./linux-dev/deploy/3.12.4-bone9-firmware.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/lib/firmware/
sudo tar xfv ./linux-dev/deploy/3.12.4-bone9-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/
sudo vim /media/rootfs/etc/fstab
sudo vim /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces
sudo vim /media/rootfs/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
sudo vim /media/rootfs/etc/inittab
sudo vim /media/rootfs/etc/init/serial.conf
sudo umount /media/rootfs/
sudo umount /media/boot/
Dec 9, 2013
TechnologyThe usb sound card which I want to enable is a legend hub.
###Package Installation
Install necessary packages:
$ sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
$ sudo apt-get install vim mplayer alsa-base
###Hardware Configuration
View the sound card information:
root@arm:~# lsusb
Bus 001 Device 029: ID 0424:2507 Standard Microsystems Corp.
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 030: ID 0e5c:6441 Bitland Information Technology Co., Ltd C-Media Sound Device
Bus 001 Device 113: ID 0e5c:6119 Bitland Information Technology Co., Ltd remote receive and control device
C-Media is the sound card, we gonna configure this card.
list all of the loaded modules which contains the sound:
root@arm:~# lsmod | grep snd
snd_usb_audio 111095 0
snd_hwdep 5925 1 snd_usb_audio
snd_usbmidi_lib 17765 1 snd_usb_audio
snd_rawmidi 21065 1 snd_usbmidi_lib
snd_seq_device 6582 1 snd_rawmidi
List all of the loaded sound modules and there order:
root@arm:~# cat /proc/asound/cards
0 [Black ]: TI_BeagleBone_B - TI BeagleBone Black
TI BeagleBone Black
1 [U0xe5c0x6441 ]: USB-Audio - USB Device 0xe5c:0x6441
USB Device 0xe5c:0x6441 at usb-musb-hdrc.1.auto-1.1, full speed
###Sound Configure
See how many cards could be viewed via system:
root@arm:~# aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: Black [TI BeagleBone Black], device 0: HDMI nxp-hdmi-hifi-0 []
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 1: U0xe5c0x6441 [USB Device 0xe5c:0x6441], device 0: USB Audio [USB Audio]
Subdevices: 0/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
Then Configure the usb sound card to be the default(System Wide).
root@arm:~# cat /etc/asound.conf
pcm.!default {
type hw
card 1
#device 0
}
ctl.!default {
type hw
card 1
#device 0
}
Now you can listen to the music via usb card.
For saving the current alsa configuration information:
$ sudo chmod -R 777 /var/lib/alsa/
$ alsactl store
Dec 9, 2013
TechnologyAn script named “piandbar” could let you listen to pandora music in CLI:
$ yaourt -S pianobar
Or in ubuntu:
$ apt-get install pianobar
The default configuration file could be found under ~/.config/pianobar:
$ cat ~/.config/pianobar/config
user = xxx@xxx.com
password = xxxxxx
tls_fingerprint =
The most cool functionality is it could automatically “remember” all of the played songs.
man pianobar could get more items, for example key-binding, etc. enjoy the music under CLI.
