nixOSOnnuc11
Jul 9, 2024
Technology
1. 安装
启动光盘引导系统，进入到安装界面，更换nixos用户的密码后，远程ssh进入到安装界面后:
nix-channel --add https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nix-channels/nixpkgs-unstable nixpkgs
nix-channel --add https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/nix-channels/nixos-24.05 nixos
nix-channel --list
nix-channel --update
nixos-rebuild --option substituters http://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/nix-channels/store switch --upgrade
对512G的nvme ssd进行分区:
parted /dev/nvme0n1
(可选) rm 2
(可选) rm 1
mklabel gpt
mkpart ESP fat32 1MiB 256MiB
set 1 esp on
mkpart primary 256MiB -2GiB
unit s
mkpart primary linux-swap 972580864 100%
quit
磁盘分区如下:
nvme0n1 259:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─nvme0n1p1 259:4 0 255M 0 part
├─nvme0n1p2 259:5 0 463.5G 0 part
└─nvme0n1p3 259:6 0 2G 0 part
创建文件系统:
mkfs.fat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
mkfs.btrfs -L nixos /dev/nvme0n1p2
mkswap -L swap /dev/nvme0n1p3
创建btrfs的子卷:
mount /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/root
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/home
btrfs subvolume create /mnt/nix
umount /mnt
mount -o compress=zstd,subvol=root /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt
mkdir /mnt/{home,nix,boot}
mount -o compress=zstd,subvol=home /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/home/
mount -o compress=zstd,noatime,subvol=nix /dev/nvme0n1p2 /mnt/nix
mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot
swapon /dev/nvme0n1p3
创建硬件配置文件并修改之:
nixos-generate-config --root /mnt
vim /mnt/etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix, 更改以下的几行:
19c19
< options = [ "subvol=root" "compress=zstd"];
---
> options = [ "subvol=root" ];
25c25
< options = [ "subvol=home" "compress=zstd"];
---
> options = [ "subvol=home" ];
31c31
< options = [ "subvol=nix" "compress=zstd" "noatime"];
---
> options = [ "subvol=nix" ];
配置configuration.nix文件，下面记录它的内容，值得注意的是，这里禁用了某些后面需要打开的选项，因为如果一开始打开，则有可能安装失败:
# Edit this configuration file to define what should be installed on
# your system. Help is available in the configuration.nix(5) man page, on
# https://search.nixos.org/options and in the NixOS manual (`nixos-help`).
{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
{
imports =
[ # Include the results of the hardware scan.
./hardware-configuration.nix
];
# Use the systemd-boot EFI boot loader.
boot.loader.systemd-boot.enable = true;
boot.loader.efi.canTouchEfiVariables = true;
networking.hostName = "gen11"; # Define your hostname.
# Pick only one of the below networking options.
# networking.wireless.enable = true; # Enables wireless support via wpa_supplicant.
networking.networkmanager.enable = true; # Easiest to use and most distros use this by default.
# Set your time zone.
time.timeZone = "Asia/Shanghai";
# Configure network proxy if necessary
# networking.proxy.default = "http://user:password@proxy:port/";
# networking.proxy.noProxy = "127.0.0.1,localhost,internal.domain";
# Select internationalisation properties.
i18n.defaultLocale = "en_US.UTF-8";
# console = {
# font = "Lat2-Terminus16";
# keyMap = "us";
# useXkbConfig = true; # use xkb.options in tty.
# };
# Enable the X11 windowing system.
services.xserver.enable = true;
# Autologin for user dash
services.displayManager.sddm.enable = true;
services.displayManager.sddm.wayland.enable = true;
#services.displayManager.autoLogin.enable = true;
#services.displayManager.autoLogin.user = "dash";
# Hyprland
#programs.hyprland.enable = true;
# zsh
programs.zsh.enable = true;
users.defaultUserShell = pkgs.zsh;
# Configure keymap in X11
# services.xserver.xkb.layout = "us";
# services.xserver.xkb.options = "eurosign:e,caps:escape";
# Enable CUPS to print documents.
services.printing.enable = true;
# Enable sound.
# hardware.pulseaudio.enable = true;
# OR
services.pipewire = {
enable = true;
pulse.enable = true;
};
# Enable touchpad support (enabled default in most desktopManager).
# services.libinput.enable = true;
# Define a user account. Don't forget to set a password with ‘passwd’.
users.users.dash = {
isNormalUser = true;
extraGroups = [ "wheel" ]; # Enable ‘sudo’ for the user.
packages = with pkgs; [
firefox
tree
];
};
security.sudo.extraRules= [
{ users = [ "dash" ];
commands = [
{ command = "ALL" ;
options= [ "NOPASSWD" ]; # "SETENV" # Adding the following could be a good idea
}
];
}
];
# List packages installed in system profile. To search, run:
# $ nix search wget
environment.systemPackages = with pkgs; [
vim # Do not forget to add an editor to edit configuration.nix! The Nano editor is also installed by default.
wget
git
dconf
];
# Some programs need SUID wrappers, can be configured further or are
# started in user sessions.
# programs.mtr.enable = true;
# programs.gnupg.agent = {
# enable = true;
# enableSSHSupport = true;
# };
# List services that you want to enable:
# Enable the OpenSSH daemon.
services.openssh.enable = true;
# Open ports in the firewall.
# networking.firewall.allowedTCPPorts = [ ... ];
# networking.firewall.allowedUDPPorts = [ ... ];
# Or disable the firewall altogether.
# networking.firewall.enable = false;
# Copy the NixOS configuration file and link it from the resulting system
# (/run/current-system/configuration.nix). This is useful in case you
# accidentally delete configuration.nix.
# system.copySystemConfiguration = true;
# This option defines the first version of NixOS you have installed on this particular machine,
# and is used to maintain compatibility with application data (e.g. databases) created on older NixOS versions.
#
# Most users should NEVER change this value after the initial install, for any reason,
# even if you've upgraded your system to a new NixOS release.
#
# This value does NOT affect the Nixpkgs version your packages and OS are pulled from,
# so changing it will NOT upgrade your system - see https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/#sec-upgrading for how
# to actually do that.
#
# This value being lower than the current NixOS release does NOT mean your system is
# out of date, out of support, or vulnerable.
#
# Do NOT change this value unless you have manually inspected all the changes it would make to your configuration,
# and migrated your data accordingly.
#
# For more information, see `man configuration.nix` or https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/options#opt-system.stateVersion .
system.stateVersion = "24.11"; # Did you read the comment?
nix.settings.substituters = [
"http://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/nix-channels/store"
];
nixpkgs.config.allowUnfree = true;
nixpkgs.config.permittedInsecurePackages = [
# "qtwebkit-5.212.0-alpha4"
];
#
# home-manager.users.dash = { pkgs, ... }: {
# home.stateVersion = "24.11";
# home.packages = [ ];
# };
}
执行以下命令开始安装到磁盘:
nixos-install --option substituters https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/nix-channels/store
创建用户的密码:
nixos-enter
passwd dash
2. 配置
更改configuration.nix，并从历史文件中拷贝相关文件到/etc/nixos 目录下:
vim configuration.nix
cp /home/dash/nixos/flake.nix .
cp /home/dash/nixos/hyprland.nix .
cp /home/dash/nixos/home.nix .
cp /home/dash/nixos/zsh.nix .
使用以下命令重新编译出新环境
dash@gen11:~/ > sudo nixos-rebuild switch --option substituers https://mirror.sjtu.edu.cn/nix-channels/store