为BBB编译内核和Linux

Nov 9, 2014
Technology

因为原文是英文的缘故，所以这里就直接用中文翻译，并把编译时的步骤和注意事项记载下来。
主要参考了:
https://eewiki.net/display/linuxonarm/BeagleBone+Black
All of the files and folder are located under $BBB/201411 folder.

交叉编译链准备

下载、设置交叉编译链:

wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/14.09/components/toolchain/binaries/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.9-2014.09_linux.tar.xz
tar xf gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.9-2014.09_linux.tar.xz
export CC=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-arm-linux-gnueabihf-4.9-2014.09_linux/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-

测试交叉编译链:

# ${CC}gcc --version
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (crosstool-NG linaro-1.13.1-4.9-2014.09 - Linaro GCC 4.9-2014.09) 4.9.2 20140904 (prerelease)
Copyright (C) 2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

编译U-Boot

下载U-Boot:

git clone git://git.denx.de/u-boot.git
cd u-boot/
git checkout v2014.10 -b tmp

下载、加载补丁:

wget -c https://raw.githubusercontent.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches/master/v2014.10/0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
patch -p1 < 0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch

编译U-Boot:

# make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean && make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_evm_defconfig && make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}

编译内核

下面的步骤将编译出内核和内核模块，编译完成后全部被拷贝到deploy文件夹中。

主线内核

编译前准备，在Ubuntu 12.04，安装下列包:

$ sudo apt-get install bc build-essential device-tree-compiler fakeroot lzma lzop man-db u-boot-tools libncurses5-dev ia32-libs wget

下载:

$ git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel.git
$ cd bb-kernel/

切换到v3.8.x分支(支持全面):

$ git checkout origin/am33x-v3.8 -b tmp

切换到v3.17.x分支(SGX，更好的usb和Ethernet支持), SGX，硬件加速。

$ git checkout origin/am33x-v3.17 -b tmp

编译：

$ ./build_kernel.sh

TI内核

完整编译步骤如下：

git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-3.14.y -b tmp
./build_kernel.sh

准备文件系统

Ubuntu

下载并解压Ubuntu文件系统:

wget -c https://rcn-ee.net/deb/minfs/trusty/ubuntu-14.04-minimal-armhf-2014-07-07.tar.xz
tar xf ubuntu-14.04-minimal-armhf-2014-07-07.tar.xz

写入存储卡

分区准备

准备的TF卡容量为8G，使用lsblk可以用于查看device id。

$ lsblk
NAME        MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
mmcblk0     179:0    0   7.4G  0 disk 
├─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0    48M  0 part 
└─mmcblk0p2 179:2    0   7.4G  0 part

备份好TF卡上文件内容后，对其重新进行分区，这里使用fdisk移除掉所有分区后重新分成一个区，而后格式化为ext4分区。

# export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
# sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1M count=10
# sudo dd if=./u-boot/MLO of=${DISK} count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc bs=128k
# sudo dd if=./u-boot/u-boot.img of=${DISK} count=2 seek=1 conv=notrunc bs=384k
# sudo sfdisk --in-order --Linux --unit M ${DISK} <<-__EOF__
1,,0x83,*
__EOF__
# sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/mmcblk0p1 -L rootfs

现在查看lsblk的结果应该是这样:

mmcblk0     179:0    0   7.4G  0 disk 
└─mmcblk0p1 179:1    0   7.4G  0 part

写入

我们将使用eMMC自有的BootLoader, 所以在/media/rootfs中使用下列内容到uEnv.txtt：

##This will work with: Angstrom's 2013.06.20 u-boot.
 
loadaddr=0x82000000
fdtaddr=0x88000000
rdaddr=0x88080000
 
initrd_high=0xffffffff
fdt_high=0xffffffff
 
loadximage=load mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} /boot/vmlinuz-${uname_r}
loadxfdt=load mmc 0:1 ${fdtaddr} /boot/dtbs/${uname_r}/${fdtfile}
loadxrd=load mmc 0:1 ${rdaddr} /boot/initrd.img-${uname_r}; setenv rdsize ${filesize}
loaduEnvtxt=load mmc 0:1 ${loadaddr} /boot/uEnv.txt ; env import -t ${loadaddr} ${filesize};
loadall=run loaduEnvtxt; run loadximage; run loadxfdt;
 
mmcargs=setenv bootargs console=tty0 console=${console} ${optargs} ${cape_disable} ${cape_enable} root=${mmcroot} rootfstype=${mmcrootfstype} ${cmdline}
 
uenvcmd=run loadall; run mmcargs; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdtaddr};

解压缩下载好的rootfs文件到SD卡分区：

$ tar xvf armhf-rootfs-ubuntu-trusty.tar -C /media/rootfs/
$ sync

拷贝kernel到SD卡分区:

# cp /media/y/embedded/BBB/201411/deploy/3.14.23-ti-r32.zImage ./vmlinuz-3.14.23-ti-r32

拷贝Kernel Device Tree二进制文件:

tar xvf /media/y/embedded/BBB/201411/deploy/3.14.23-ti-r32-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/

拷贝内核模块:

# tar xfv /media/y/embedded/BBB/201411/deploy/3.14.23-ti-r32-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/

配置fstab文件:

sudo sh -c "echo '/dev/mmcblk0p1  /  auto  errors=remount-ro  0  1' >> /media/rootfs/etc/fstab"

配置网络：

# vim /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
 
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

配置串口登录：

$ sudo vim /media/rootfs/etc/init/serial.conf
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
 
respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO0

进入U-boot后更改一下配置：

U-Boot# setenv mmcroot /dev/mmcblk0p1 ro
U-Boot# boot

默认用户名，密码分别是: root/temppwd
进入系统以后查看系统信息：

ubuntu@arm:~$ uname -a 
Linux arm 3.14.23-ti-r32 #1 SMP PREEMPT Sun Nov 9 04:19:25 UTC 2014 armv7l armv7l armv7l GNU/Linux
ubuntu@arm:~$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS \n \l

default username:password is [ubuntu:temppwd]
ubuntu@arm:~$ ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 90:59:af:65:d9:8c  
          inet addr:10.0.0.122  Bcast:10.0.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0

很惭愧，就做了一点微小的工作